Logic Programming Preparation Practice Exams

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Description: Logic Programming is a paradigm of programming that is based on formal logic. Unlike imperative programming, which focuses on how a program operates, logic programming emphasizes what the program should accomplish. Programs are expressed in terms of relations, and computation is triggered by running queries over these relations. The most widely known logic programming language is Prolog, which has been extensively used in artificial intelligence applications, natural language processing, and knowledge-based systems. Logic programming allows for declarative problem solving, enabling developers to focus on the logic of a problem rather than the control flow of execution.One of the key principles of logic programming is the use of facts and rules. Facts represent basic assertions about information, while rules define relationships between facts using logical implications. Queries are then formulated to derive information based on these facts and rules. This structure allows for reasoning and inference, which is particularly powerful in domains requiring symbolic computation and automated deduction. The clarity and expressiveness of rules make logic programming a suitable choice for modeling complex problems where relationships and constraints are essential.Another important aspect of logic programming is unification, a process that matches terms by finding a substitution that makes different terms identical. Unification is central to the execution of logic programs because it allows the system to systematically explore possible solutions to a query. Coupled with backtracking, which systematically searches for alternative solutions when a certain path fails, unification enables logic programs to handle complex decision-making tasks efficiently. These mechanisms collectively provide a powerful computational model for exploring multiple possibilities in problem-solving.Logic programming also supports recursion extensively, which allows problems to be expressed in a natural and compact way. Recur
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